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City Of Light:
City of Light : Philips Opens Unique Facility Showcasing Solid-State Lighting
Royal Philips Electronics announced the opening of a new facility at its Outdoor Lighting Application Center (OLAC), near Lyon, France.
A full-scale city environment, this unique place is a test-bed for designers, architects and city officials to experience how light can improve the quality of urban life.
In line with Philips' commitment to growth and innovation in solid-state lighting, it particularly showcases new technologies such as Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) and how they can transform city identities.
The new facility, which is built on the existing OLAC site, represents an investment of half a million Euros on top of the 1.7 million Euros already invested.Interference of Light in Thin Films.—The interference of light in a thin film controls the amount of light it reflects or transmits. Fig. 1 depicts schematically a ray of light incident on a filmed surface. Some of the light is reflected at each face of the film. These reflections r0 and n combine and interfere to produce the light reflected from the glass surface. If they are one half-wave out of phase the reflected light is reduced. This occurs when the refractive index ni of the film is less than the index n of the glass but greater than the index n0 of the surrounding medium (usually air, nc = 1), and in addition the film is optically one quarterwave thick :
Of the 22 books of The City of God, the first 10 answer the pagan accusation by showing that neither demons nor gods bring happiness here or hereafter, and that vices within the empire rather than Christianity brought Rome's collapse. The last 12 books show Augustine as the father of "philosophies of history," as he gives a religious interpretation of human history in the light of Biblical revelation. In these books he traces the origin, development, and destiny of the City of God and of "Babylon," city of conflict and confusion, from the fall of Adam to the end of time. Book 19 contains a theology of peace; books 20—22 provide a Christian eschatology.
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