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Produce Color Automatically:
In the later decades of the nineteenth century enlargements of portrait negatives were frequently made on photosensitized canvas specifically for the use of the artist. One supplier boasted that the emulsions on their prepared canvases were "so thin that they in no way interfere with the very threads of the canvas, nor in the least take away from the beautiful receiving properties of the prepared oil-ground."3 Thus the origin of the painted portrait was completely disguised.
The first attempts to produce color automatically, by photographic means, was a search for a substance which, chameleonlike, would assume whatever color was shining upon it.Using Ektacolor film, announced by the Eastman Kodak Company in 1947, the photographer can process his own color negatives. An important feature of this color process is the incorporation into the film of a mask that automatically compensates for inaccuracies in color rendition. Theoretically it should be possible to choose dyes that will completely absorb each of the primary colors. In practice this cannot be done. To correct these errors, the dye couplers added to the emulsion are themselves colored, absorbing the very rays that are incorrectly absorbed by the dyes.
The Automatic Photograph Company in New York boasted in 1895 that they could produce 157,000 finished photographic prints in a ten-hour working day. A 3000-foot roll of bromide paper 36 inches wide was "fed under two or more negatives, then automatically pressed upward by a platen against the face of the negative, at the same instant also automatically exposed by the flashing of incandescent electric lamps above the negatives, then moved along the proper distance for a fresh section to be exposed and finally wound up on another roller."21 In a second machine the exposed paper was fed by rollers through the processing solutions.
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