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Wood Carving:
Carving.—To the layman, carving is the most obvious method for producing sculpture. In a broad sense carving comprehends any means by which the sculptor can reduce a piece of material to the form desired by removing the superfluous portions. For this reason it is often called a subtractive process. In the carving of wood carving the sculptor will use tools similar to those used by carpenters or cabinetmakers, that is to say, saws, chisels, files, etc. Almost all kinds of wood carving have been used for sculpture, but generally the carver prefers evenly textured wood carvings with little grain. Large wood carvingen statues are made by gluing several pieces together.By direct carving they meant carving without the use of a preparatory model, although small, sketchy models were generally condoned. The aim of these reformers was primarily to make the materials of the sculptor expressive. Some artists would contemplate a particular stone or piece of wood carving until the shape, the color, and the grain of the piece suggested a form within which needed only to be freed by the sculptor's tools.
Modeling is often called an additive process signifying that the work is produced by addini piece by piece until the whole is built up. Thu; it is distinguished from the subtractive proce dure of carving. Actually, carving tools of vvocx and wire, suitable for the soft materials, an used in modeling to cut away or scoop out unwanted material. A more significant distinctior between modeling and carving lies in the fad that the material of the modeler is amorphous and yielding with virtually no form except vvhal the sculptor gives it. This is illustrated by the usual procedure of modeling in clay.
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